No matter how many loose ends you manage to tie up in advance of a holiday, there is always a mountain of work to come back to. 31 What does the writer imply about the founder of the multinational corporation? He is unwise to employ his daughter in his company.48. True or false: by definition, owner investments are cash or other assets that an owner or owners contributes to the company. Statement of retained earnings: reports the changes in equity during a period of time. Statement of cash flows: identifies the cash inflows and outflows over a period of time.Unless you're a pea plant you're traits aren't strictly dominant or recessive. I have seen, for example, a lot of different traits combine in human offspring with coodominant and complex tendencies. An Asian (Chinese or Polynesian) may produce a blond or light haired child with a North European.Of course, these difficulties have nothing to do with the billionaires, political leaders, captains of industry and top regulators who swan around Davos each year, pontificating over oysters and champagne about the world's problems, from which they benefit most. And the idea of a 'reset' is at best disingenuous."COVID-19 lockdowns may be gradually easing, but anxiety about the world's social and economic prospects is only intensifying. There is good reason to worry: a sharp economic downturn has already begun, and we could be facing the worst depression since the 1930s.
43 Which of the following statements describes the... | Course Hero
? True. ? False. Which statement about joint-ventures (JVs) is not correct? ? A foreign investor could establish a JVs in form of a minority, majority or equal equity JV ? None of the above statements is correct. Which statement about first-mover advantages is correct?Types of Plants: Botanists classify plants into several groups that have similar & distinguishing characteristics. In fact, classifying plants is considered as one of the oldest approaches in studying botany. In general, botanists group plants into two major groups: non-vascular and vascular.Not all Pea plants are true breeding, they can be cross pollinated with another pea plant that has a different genotype. Why do we have the phenotypes that we have? Most of them are caused by the genetic code in our DNA Crossing a hybrid tall plant (Tt) with a recessive short plant (tt) could end...A pea plant exhibits a recessive trait. Which statement is most likely true about the plant? Which type of scientific statement is defined as a hypothesis or group of hypotheses that can be accepted as true based on repeated experimentation with similar results?
Why are Asian genes dominant? - Quora
Write five sentences about the most interesting things you have learned from one of your friends.Which statement is most likely true about the plant? The plant has two identical alleles for the gene that codes for the trait. The pea plant has a recessive trait that means both the alleles of the other trait are same. Generally there are four alleles formed in the punnet square.The pea is most commonly the small spherical seed or the seed-pod of the pod fruit Pisum sativum. Each pod contains several peas, which can be green or yellow.the statement that is most likely true about the plant is : the plant has two identical alleles for the gene that codes for the trait. For example, if a plant has a recessive tt allele for short, the chance of its offspring to be born short is really small. Because if it paired with dominant tall Allele T...Japan has one of the most successful _ in Asia. economically. economies.
Jump to navigation Jump to look This article is about one species of plant and its permutations. For other uses, see Pea (disambiguation).
Pea Peas are contained inside of a pod. Pea plant: Pisum sativum Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae Clade: Tracheophytes Clade: Angiosperms Clade: Eudicots Clade: Rosids Order: Fabales Family: Fabaceae Genus: Pisum Species: P. sativum Binomial name Pisum sativumL. Synonyms[1] Lathyrus oleraceus Lam. Pisum arvense L. Pisum biflorum Raf. Pisum elatius M.Bieb. Pisum humile Boiss. & Noe Pisum vulgare Jundz. Pisum sativum : ripe pods dehiscing to shed ripe seeds - MHNT Flowers of Pisum sativum
The pea is most usually the small spherical seed or the seed-pod of the pod fruit Pisum sativum. Each pod incorporates several peas, which can also be inexperienced or yellow. Botanically, pea pods are fruit,[2] since they contain seeds and develop from the ovary of a (pea) flower. The name is also used to explain other fit to be eaten seeds from the Fabaceae comparable to the pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan), the cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), and the seeds from a number of species of Lathyrus.
P. sativum is an annual plant, with a life cycle of one yr. It is a cool-season crop grown in lots of portions of the global; planting can take place from wintry weather to early summer season depending on location. The moderate pea weighs between 0.1 and nil.36 gram.[3] The immature peas (and in snow peas the soft pod as well) are used as a vegetable, fresh, frozen or canned; sorts of the species normally called field peas are grown to supply dry peas like the break up pea shelled from a matured pod. These are the foundation of pease porridge and pea soup, staples of medieval cuisine; in Europe, consuming contemporary immature green peas was an innovation of early fashionable delicacies.
The wild pea is restricted to the Mediterranean basin and the Near East. The earliest archaeological unearths of peas date from the overdue Neolithic technology of current Greece, Syria, Turkey and Jordan. In Egypt, early reveals date from c. 4800–4400 BC in the Nile delta space, and from c. 3800–3600 BC in Upper Egypt. The pea used to be also present in Georgia in the 5th millennium BC. Farther east, the finds are more youthful. Peas were found in Afghanistan c. 2000 BC; in Harappan civilization round modern day Pakistan and western- and northwestern India in 2250–1750 BC. In the second part of the 2d millennium BC, this legume crop appears in the Ganges Basin and southern India.[4]
Description
Mean land use of different foods compared to peas[5] Food Types Land Use (m2year according to 100g protein) Lamb and Mutton 185 Beef 164 Cheese 41 Pork 11 Poultry 7.1 Eggs 5.7 Farmed Fish 3.7 Groundnuts 3.5 Peas 3.4 Tofu 2.2A pea is a most frequently inexperienced, from time to time golden yellow,[6] or sometimes crimson[7] pod-shaped vegetable, widely grown as a cool-season vegetable crop. The seeds could also be planted once the soil temperature reaches 10 °C (50 °F), with the plants increasing highest at temperatures of 13 to 18 °C (Fifty five to 64 °F). They do not thrive in the summer heat of warmer temperate and lowland tropical climates, however do develop smartly in cooler, high-altitude, tropical areas. Many cultivars reach maturity about 60 days after planting.[8]
Worldwide pea yield Peas, inexperienced, rawNutritional value consistent with 100 g (3.5 ozEnergy339 kJ (81 kcal)Carbohydrates14.45 gSugars5.67 gDietary fiber5.1 gFat0.4 gProtein5.Forty two gVitaminsQuantity %DV†Vitamin A equiv.beta-Carotenelutein zeaxanthin5% 38 μg4percent449 μg2477 μgThiamine (B1)23% 0.266 mgRiboflavin (B2)11% 0.132 mgNiacin (B3)14% 2.09 mgVitamin B613% 0.169 mgFolate (B9)16% Sixty five μgVitamin C48% Forty mgVitamin E1% 0.Thirteen mgVitamin K24% 24.8 μgMineralsQuantity %DV†Calcium3% 25 mgIron11% 1.47 mgMagnesium9% 33 mgManganese20% 0.Forty one mgPhosphorus15% 108 mgPotassium5% 244 mgSodium0% 5 mgZinc13% 1.24 mgLink to USDA Database access Units μg = micrograms • mg = milligrams IU = International gadgets†Percentages are roughly approximated the use of US recommendations for adults. Source: USDA FoodInformation CentralPeas have each low-growing and vining cultivars. The vining cultivars grow thin tendrils from leaves that coil around any to be had reinforce and can climb to be 1–2 m excessive. A traditional approach to supporting hiking peas is to thrust branches pruned from bushes or different woody vegetation upright into the soil, offering a lattice for the peas to climb. Branches used on this fashion are known as pea sticks[9] or occasionally pea brush. Metal fences, twine, or netting supported via a body are used for the same function. In dense plantings, peas give each and every other some measure of mutual give a boost to. Pea plants can self-pollinate.[10]
History
Pea in a painting by Mateusz Tokarski, ca. 1795 (National Museum in Warsaw)In early instances, peas had been grown mostly for his or her dry seeds.[11] From vegetation growing wild in the Mediterranean basin, consistent selection since the Neolithic daybreak of agriculture[12] progressed their yield. In the early third century BC Theophrastus mentions peas amongst the legumes which might be sown late in the wintry weather on account of their tenderness.[13] In the first century AD, Columella mentions them in De re rustica, when Roman legionaries still collected wild peas from the sandy soils of Numidia and Judea to supplement their rations.
In the Middle Ages, field peas are constantly mentioned, as they had been the staple that kept famine at bay, as Charles the Good, depend of Flanders, famous explicitly in 1124.[14]
Green "garden" peas, eaten immature and contemporary, were an leading edge luxury of Early Modern Europe. In England, the difference between field peas and garden peas dates from the early 17th century: John Gerard and John Parkinson each point out lawn peas.Sugar peas, which the French called mange-tout, because they have been eaten pods and all, have been presented to France from the marketplace gardens of Holland in the time of Henri IV, through the French ambassador. Green peas have been presented from Genoa to the court of Louis XIV of France in January 1660, with some staged fanfare; a hamper of them have been presented earlier than the King, and then had been shelled by way of the Savoyan comte de Soissons, who had married a niece of Cardinal Mazarin; little dishes of peas were then presented to the King, the Queen, Cardinal Mazarin and Monsieur, the king's brother.[15] Immediately established and grown for earliness warmed with manure and protected below glass, they have been still a luxurious delicacy in 1696, when Mme de Maintenon and Mme de Sevigné every reported that they had been "a fashion, a fury".[16]
Modern break up peas, with their indigestible skins rubbed off, are a building of the later Nineteenth century.
Modern culinary use
Split peas (uncooked)Yellow split peasNutritional price according to 100 g (3.5 ozEnergy1,425 kJ (341 kcal)Carbohydrates60 gSugars8 gDietary fiber26 gFat1 gProtein25 gVitaminsQuantity %DV†Thiamine (B1)61% 0.7 mgPantothenic acid (B5)34% 1.7 mgFolate (B9)69% 274 μgMineralsQuantity %DV†Iron31% 4 mg Units μg = micrograms • mg = milligrams IU = International devices†Percentages are roughly approximated the use of US suggestions for adults. Source: USDA FoodInformation Central Fresh peas for sale of their pods on a UK market stall Frozen inexperienced peas A basket of peas in podsIn modern times peas are in most cases boiled or steamed, which breaks down the mobile partitions and makes the style sweeter and the nutrients extra bioavailable. Along with wide beans and lentils, these formed crucial part of the nutrition of most other folks in the Middle East, North Africa and Europe throughout the Middle Ages.[17] By the 17th and 18th centuries, it had become well-liked to devour peas "green", that is, whilst they're immature and appropriate after they are picked.[18] New cultivars of peas had been advanced by way of the English all over this time, which was referred to as "garden" or "English" peas. The acclaim for inexperienced peas unfold to North America. Thomas Jefferson grew greater than 30 cultivars of peas on his property.[19] With the invention of canning and freezing of meals, inexperienced peas changed into available year-round, and no longer just in the spring as prior to.
Peas in fried riceFresh peas are often eaten boiled and flavored with butter and/or spearmint as a aspect dish vegetable. Salt and pepper also are repeatedly added to peas when served. Fresh peas are also used in pot pies, salads and casseroles. Pod peas (snow peas and snap peas) are utilized in stir-fried dishes, specifically the ones in American Chinese cuisine.[20] Pea pods don't stay well once picked, and if not used temporarily, are highest preserved by drying, canning or freezing inside a few hours of harvest.[21]
In India, fresh peas are used in more than a few dishes equivalent to aloo matar (curried potatoes with peas) or matar paneer (paneer cheese with peas), despite the fact that they may be able to be substituted with frozen peas as neatly. Peas also are eaten uncooked, as they are sweet when fresh off the bush. Green Peas known as Hasiru Batani in Kannada are used to make curry and Gasi.[22] Split peas are extensively utilized to make dal, specifically in Guyana, and Trinidad, the place there is a vital population of Indians.
Dried peas are often made into a soup or simply eaten on their very own. In Japan, China, Taiwan and some Southeast Asian nations, together with Thailand, the Philippines and Malaysia, peas are roasted and salted, and eaten as snacks. In the Philippines, peas, while nonetheless of their pods, are a commonplace ingredient in viands and pansit. In the UK, dried yellow or green split peas are used to make pease pudding (or "pease porridge"), a traditional dish. In North America, a in a similar way conventional dish is cut up pea soup.
Pea soup is eaten in many other parts of the global, together with northern Europe, portions of heart Europe, Russia, Iran, Iraq and India.[23] In Sweden it is called ärtsoppa, and is eaten as a conventional Swedish food which predates the Viking Age. This meals used to be constructed from a fast-growing pea that would mature in a quick rising season. Ärtsoppa was once particularly fashionable amongst the poor, who historically only had one pot and the whole thing was once cooked together for a dinner the use of a tripod to carry the pot over the fireplace.
In Chinese delicacies, the soft new expansion [leaves and stem] dou miao (豆苗; dòu miáo) are frequently utilized in stir-fries. Much like choosing the leaves for tea, the farmers select the guidelines off of the pea plant.
In Greece, Tunisia, Turkey, Cyprus, and other parts of the Mediterranean, peas are made into a stew with lamb and potatoes.
In Hungary and Serbia, pea soup is steadily served with dumplings and spiced with scorching paprika.[24][25][26]
In the United Kingdom, dried, rehydrated and mashed marrowfat peas, or cooked inexperienced cut up peas, known as soft peas, are standard, at first in the north of England, but now ubiquitously, and especially as an accompaniment to fish and chips or meat pies, specifically in fish and chip retail outlets. Sodium bicarbonate is once in a while added to soften the peas. In 2005, a ballot of 2,000 people revealed the pea to be Britain's 7th favorite culinary vegetable.[27]
Processed peas are mature peas which had been dried, soaked after which warmth handled (processed) to forestall spoilage—in the similar manner as pasteurizing. Cooked peas are from time to time bought dried and lined with wasabi, salt, or different spices.[28]
In North America pea milk is produced and offered as a substitute for cow milk for a variety of causes.[29]
Pea sproutsIn East Asia, the sprouts or shoots of pea (豆苗;완두순) [30]have been once devoted delicacies when the plant was not extremely available as this present day. But now, when the plant can be simply grown, fresh pea shoots are available in supermarkets, and a few folks decided to grow them of their backyard.[31]
Manufacturing frozen peas
In order to freeze and keep peas, they must first be grown, picked, and shelled. Usually, the more gentle the peas are, the more likely that they're going to be utilized in the final product. The peas must be put via the process of freezing shortly after being picked so that they don't destroy too soon. Once the peas have been selected, they're positioned in ice water and allowed to chill. After, they are sprayed with water to remove any residual filth or mud that can stay on them. The subsequent step is blanching. The peas are boiled for a short while to take away any enzymes that may shorten their shelf existence. They are then cooled and got rid of from the water. The final step is the precise freezing to produce the ultimate product.[32] This step would possibly range significantly; some companies freeze their peas via air blast freezing, where the vegetables are put via a tunnel at excessive speeds and frozen by cold air. Finally, the peas are packaged and shipped out for retail sale.
GradingPea grading comes to sorting peas by means of size, in which the smallest peas are graded as the best high quality for his or her tenderness.[33] Brines is also used, in which peas are floated, from which their density can also be determined.[33]
Varieties
Garden peasThere are many varieties (cultivars) of lawn peas. Some of the most commonplace varieties are indexed here. PMR signifies some extent of powdery mould resistance; afila varieties, also referred to as semi-leafless, have clusters of tendrils instead of leaves.[34] Unless another way noted those are so called dwarf types which develop to a mean top of about 1m. Giving the vines beef up is advisable, but not required. Extra dwarf are appropriate for container growing, achieving best about 25 cm. Tall types develop to about 2m with support required.[35]
Alaska, Fifty five days (smooth seeded) Tom Thumb / Half Pint, 55 days (heirloom, further dwarf) Thomas Laxton (heirloom) / Laxton's Progress / Progress #9, 60–65 days Mr. Big, 60 days, 2000 AAS winner Little Marvel, 63 days, 1934 AAS winner Early Perfection, Sixty five days[36] Kelvedon Wonder, Sixty five days, 1997 RHS AGM winner[37] Sabre, 65 days, PMR Homesteader / Lincoln, 67 days (heirloom, known as Greenfeast in Australia and New Zealand) Miragreen, 68 days (tall climber) Serge, Sixty eight days, PMR, afila Wando, Sixty eight days Green Arrow, 70 days Recruit, 70 days, PMR, afila[38] Tall Telephone / Alderman, 75 days (heirloom, tall climber)Sugar peasSugar peas or edible-pod peas (French: pois mange-tout, "eat-all pea"), lack the difficult membrane within the pod wall and have gentle suitable for eating pods.[39] There are two primary varieties:[40]
Snow peas have flat pods with skinny pod walls. Pods and seeds are eaten when they are very young. Snap peas or sugar snap peas have rounded pods with thick pod partitions. Pods and seeds are eaten prior to adulthood.The identify "sugar pea" contains each types,[39] and due to this fact it may be synonymous with either snow peas or snap peas in several dictionaries.[41]
Snow peas and snap peas each belong to Macrocarpon Group,[42][43][44] a cultivar crew in line with the variety Pisum sativum var. macrocarpum Ser. named in 1825.[45] It was described as having very compressed non-leathery fit for human consumption pods in the unique publication.
The clinical title Pisum sativum var. saccharatum Ser. is frequently misused for snow peas. The selection beneath this identify used to be described as having sub-leathery and compressed-terete pods and a French identify of petit pois.[45] The description is inconsistent with the appearance of snow peas, and due to this fact botanists have change this name with Pisum sativum var. macrocarpum.[46]
Field peas Pod 'Blue Schokker' Field Pea Plant in BloomThe field pea is a type of pea also known as P. sativum subsp. arvense (L.) Asch. It is also known as dun (grey-brown) pea, Kapucijner pea, or Austrian iciness pea, and is one among the oldest domesticated plants, cultivated for at least 7,000 years. Field peas are now grown in many nations for both human consumption and stockfeed. There are a number of cultivars and colors together with blue, dun (brown), maple and white. This pea should not be perplexed with the cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) which is also known as the "field pea" in warmer climates.[47][48]
It is a hiking annual legume with susceptible, viny, and rather succulent stems. Vines ceaselessly are Four to five toes (120 to 150 cm) lengthy, but when grown alone, field pea's vulnerable stems save you it from increasing greater than 1.Five to 2 toes (Forty five to 60 cm) tall. Leaves have two leaflets and a tendril. Flowers are white, purple, or purple. Pods elevate seeds that are large (4,000 seeds/lb), nearly round, and white, gray, green, or brown. The root machine is moderately shallow and small, but smartly nodulated.[49]
The box pea is a cool-season legume crop that is grown on over 25 million acres worldwide. It has been the most important grain legume crop for millennia, seeds showing domesticated characteristics courting from no less than 7000 years ago were found in archaeological sites round what is now Turkey. Field peas or "dry peas" are marketed as a dry, shelled product for both human or cattle meals, not like the lawn pea, which is advertised as a recent or canned vegetable. The main generating international locations of field peas are Russia and China, adopted by Canada, Europe, Australia and the United States. Europe, Australia, Canada and the United States lift over 4.5 million acres and are primary exporters of peas. In 2002, there were roughly 300,000 acres of field peas grown in the United States.[50]
Pests and sicknesses
Main article: List of pea illnessesQuite a few diseases affect peas through a collection of pathogens, including bugs, viruses, bacteria and fungi.[51] In particular, virus illness of peas has worldwide financial importance.[52]
Additionally, bugs comparable to the pea leaf weevil (Sitona lineatus) can harm peas and different pod culmination. The pea leaf weevil is native to Europe, but has unfold to other puts akin to Alberta, Canada. They are about 3.5 millimetres (0.14 in)—5.5 millimetres (0.22 in) long and are distinguishable by three light-coloured stripes running length-wise down the thorax. The weevil larvae feed on the root nodules of pea crops, which are essential to the plants' provide of nitrogen, and thus diminish leaf and stem enlargement. Adult weevils feed on the leaves and create a notched, "c-shaped" appearance on the out of doors of the leaves.[53]
The Pea moth can be a serious pest generating caterpillars the resemble small white maggots in the pea-pods. The caterpillars devour the growing peas making them unpleasant and fallacious for culinary use.[54] Prior to the use of modern pesticides, pea moth caterpillars have been a very common sight in pea pods.
Peas in science
Pea vegetationIn the mid-19th century, Austrian monk Gregor Mendel's observations of pea pods ended in the rules of Mendelian genetics, the foundation of modern genetics.[55] He ended up growing and examining about 28,000 pea vegetation in the course of his experiments.[56]
Mendel selected peas for his experiments as a result of he could develop them easily, develop pure-bred strains, give protection to them from cross-pollination, and control their pollination. Mendel cross-bred tall and dwarf pea vegetation, green and yellow peas, pink and white flowers, wrinkled and easy peas, and a few other characteristics. He then seen the resulting offspring. In every of these circumstances, one trait is dominant and all the offspring, or Filial-1 (abbreviated F1) era, confirmed the dominant trait. Then he crossed members of the F1 technology in combination and seen their offspring, the Filial-2 (abbreviated F2) generation. The F2 plants had the dominant trait in roughly a 3:1 ratio.
Mendel reasoned that each and every dad or mum had a 'vote' in the appearance of the offspring, and the non-dominant, or recessive, trait seemed only when it was once inherited from each oldsters. He did further experiments that showed each trait is one at a time inherited. Unwittingly, Mendel had solved a major problem with Charles Darwin's idea of evolution: how new traits have been preserved and now not combined back into the inhabitants, a question Darwin himself did not solution. Mendel's paintings used to be revealed in an obscure Austrian journal and was once no longer rediscovered until about 1900.[57]
Recently, extracts from lawn pea have shown inhibitory activity on porcine pancreatic lipase in vitro.[58]
GenomeThe pea karyotype consists of 7 chromosomes, five of which are acrocentric and two submetacentric.[59] Despite its medical popularity, its quite massive genome length (4.45Gb) made it difficult to series compared to other legumes comparable to Medicago truncatula and soybeans. The International Pea Genome Sequencing Consortium was shaped to broaden the first pea reference genome, and the draft assembly used to be officially introduced in September 2019. It covers 88% of the genome (3.92Gb) and predicted 44,791 gene-coding sequences. The pea used for the meeting used to be the inbred French cultivar "Caméor".[60]
Peas in medicine
Some folks enjoy allergies to peas, as well as lentils, with vicilin or convicilin as the usual allergens.[61]
Favism, or Fava-bean-ism, is a genetic deficiency of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase that affects Jews, different Middle Eastern Semitic peoples and other descendants of the Mediterranean coastal areas. In this condition, the poisonous response to consuming most, if no longer all, beans is hemolytic anemia, and in severe cases the launched circulating loose hemoglobin reasons acute kidney injury.[62][63]
Nitrogen-fixing ability
Peas, like many legumes, contain symbiotic bacteria known as Rhizobia inside root nodules of their root techniques. These micro organism have the special talent to mend nitrogen from atmospheric, molecular nitrogen (N2) into ammonia (NH3).[64] The chemical reaction is:
N2+8H++8e−→2NH3+H2\displaystyle N_2+8H^++8e^-\to 2NH_3+H_2Ammonia is then converted to every other shape, ammonium (NH4+), usable through (some) plants by way of the following response:
NH3+H+→NH4+\displaystyle NH_3+H^+\to NH_4^+The root nodules of peas and other legumes are sources of nitrogen that they can use to make amino acids, constituents of proteins. Hence, legumes are just right assets of plant protein.[65]
When a pea plant dies in the box, for example following the harvest, all of its final nitrogen, incorporated into amino acids inside of the ultimate plant parts, is launched back into the soil. In the soil, the amino acids are converted to nitrate (NO3−), that is to be had to different plants, thereby serving as fertilizer for long term crops.[66][67]
Etymology
The term pea originates from the Latin word pisum, which is the latinisation of the Greek πίσον (pison), neuter of πίσος (pisos) "pea".[68] It was adopted into English as the noun pease (plural peasen), as in pease pudding. However, by means of analogy with other plurals ending in -s, audio system began construing pease as a plural and establishing the singular form through dropping the -s, giving the time period pea. This procedure is known as back-formation.[69]
See also
Black-eyed pea Black pea Chickpea Dixie lee pea Sweet peaReferences
^ .mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output .citation qquotes:"\"""\"""'""'".mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .quotation .cs1-lock-free abackground:linear-gradient(transparent,clear),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")correct 0.1em middle/9px no-repeat.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .quotation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .quotation .cs1-lock-registration abackground:linear-gradient(clear,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")appropriate 0.1em heart/9px no-repeat.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .quotation .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:linear-gradient(clear,clear),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")appropriate 0.1em heart/9px no-repeat.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:assist.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon abackground:linear-gradient(transparent,clear),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em heart/12px no-repeat.mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolour:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errorshow:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-maintshow:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflinkfont-weight:inherit"The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species". 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European Association for Grain Legume Research (AEP). Pea. https://web.archive.org/web/20061017214408/http://www.grainlegumes.com/default.asp?id_biblio=52 . Hernández Bermejo, J. E. & León, J., (1992). Neglected crops: 1492 from a other perspective, Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO) Contents Muehlbauer, F. J. and Tullu, A., (1997). Pisum sativum L. Purdue University. Pea Oelke, E. A., Oplinger E. S., et al. (1991). Dry Field Pea. University of Wisconsin.Dry Field PeaExternal links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pisum sativum. Wikibooks Cookbook has a recipe/module on PeaSorting Pisum names USDA plant profile https://web.archive.org/web/20150303184216/http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/foodcomp/search/Taxon identifiers Wikidata: Q25237 Wikispecies: Pisum sativum AoFP: 1795 APA: 2036 APDB: 147773 APNI: 116914 BioLib: 40003 Calflora: 6544 Ecocrop: 1721 EoL: 703192 EPPO: PIBSX EUNIS: 172040 FoC: 200012282 FoIO: pisum GBIF: 5347845 GRIN: 300472 iNaturalist: 54522 IPNI: 514624-1 IRMNG: 11310193 ITIS: 26867 MichiganFlora: 1340 MoBotPF: 280471 NBN: NBNSYS0000014224 NCBI: 3888 NSWFlora: Pisum~sativum NZOR: 9d0191e9-d7af-4327-815d-9256d275e905 NZPCN: 3012 PalDat: Pisum_sativum Plant List: ild-7792 PLANTS: PISA6 POWO: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60454055-2 Tropicos: 13031856 VASCAN: 5889 WoI: 600 WFO: wfo-0000212718 Authority control BNF: cb11959354t (information) GND: 4152604-1 LCCN: sh85099045 NDL: 00561930 Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pea&oldid=1017117465"Biology Archive | July 12, 2017 | Chegg.com
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